The retention of fine mineral particles is reduced, resulting in white waters with high solids content. The present review article considers published work related to each of these approaches.Ĭonventional loading of filler with fibers is the most frequently used technique by paper mills, but at high filler levels, problems of fines retention and weakening of the paper sheet assume increasing importance. Such strategies also can be compared to procedures in which mineral particles are precipitated mainly on the outside surfaces of fibers or where mineral particles are co-flocculated with cellulosic fines. Technologies also exist whereby minerals can be chemically precipitated within the mesopore spaces of fiber cell walls. Alternatively, mineral particles can be placed in the lumens in the centers of cellulosic fibers. In conventional loading the filler particles are added directly into the fiber stock suspension and the mineral is retained in the paper either by mechanical filtration or by use of retention-promoting chemicals. The filler can be incorporated in a paper sheet in different ways. Keywords: Fiber loading In-situ precipitation Bagasse pulp Filler Light scattering coefficientĬontact information: Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur-247001, India * Corresponding author: fillers are widely used in the manufacture of paper to improve many structural, optical, and printing properties. Pradeep Kumar, Yuvraj Singh Negi, and Surendra Pal Singh* Also, there is a need for further research aimed at establishing high-end applications in which it may be an advantage to load cellulosic fiber cell walls or lumens with minerals or other substances.įILLER LOADING IN THE LUMEN OR/AND CELL WALL OF FIBERS – A LITERATURE REVIEW
Challenges remain with respect to the implementation of fiber-loading concepts at a commercial scale. Some related effects can be achieved by either precipitating mineral onto fiber surfaces or co-flocculating mineral particles with cellulosic fines. However, there are some exceptions to this general observation, where the fiber loading is reported to decrease the tensile strength of paper. Loading of filler into the fiber lumen by mechanical deposition or within the cell wall by in-situ precipitation has been reported to generally result in a moderate reduction in light scattering coefficient and increased strength properties of laboratory handsheets, as well as in paper manufactured with pilot plant equipment, when compared to conventional addition of filler. 6(3), 3526-3546.Ī review of the literature reveals potential advantages that papermakers can achieve by placing minerals in the lumens or cell walls of fibers before the pulp is formed into paper. "Filler loading in the lumen or/and cell wall of fibers - A literature review," BioRes.
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